Scheduler
In plain terms
The OS component that decides which process runs next.
Going deeper
The scheduler allocates CPU time among competing processes and threads according to a policy, balancing fairness and efficiency. It decides who runs when.
Under the hood
Algorithms (round-robin, priority, CFS) balance throughput, latency, and fairness.
Examples
CPU scheduling, OS kernels, process management, Linux CFS, threads.
Think of it like...
Like a dispatcher deciding which task gets the worker's attention next.